American cherry

American cherry is a supreme hardwood species from the U.S. hardwood forests and is unique to North America, with warm colour tones and superb finishing qualities.

Latin Name

Prunus serotina

Other Common Names

Black cherry

American_cherry_big
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American forest cherry trees grow principally in the northeast of the USA in mixed hardwood forests. The species is different from the many floral cherries planted throughout the world. It is a single species; the trees growing tall and often in dense stands in several U.S. states, notably Pennsylvania, New York, Virginia and West Virginia. Cherry has a relatively short rotation, taking less time to mature than other hardwoods. Much of the current resource is the result of cherry’s ability to regenerate naturally after forest fires.

FOREST GROWTH

FIA data shows U.S. cherry growing stock is 423.6 million m3, 2.9% of total U.S. hardwood growing stock. American cherry is growing 10.3 million m3 per year while the harvest is 4.9 million m3 per year. The net volume (after harvest) is increasing by 5.4 million m3 each year. U.S. cherry growth exceeds harvest in all the main producing states.

 

 

Alabama : 6,482,790 m³ Arkansas : 4,996,160 m³ Arizona : 0 m³ California : 19,970 m³ Colorado : 0 m³ Connecticut : 2,382,600 m³ Washington DC : 0 m³ Delaware : 483,750 m³ Florida : 1,922,890 m³ Georgia : 5,778,600 m³ Iowa : 2,253,990 m³ Idaho : 0 m³ Illinois : 7,095,370 m³ Indiana : 10,383,250 m³ Kansas : 181,630 m³ Kentucky : 8,354,860 m³ Louisiana : 1,506,520 m³ Massachusetts : 6,430,910 m³ Maryland : 6,739,470 m³ Maine : 1,510,520 m³ Michigan : 32,597,570 m³ Minnesota : 1,655,900 m³ Missouri : 3,722,510 m³ Mississippi : 7,439,980 m³ Montana : 0 m³ North Carolina : 8,841,710 m³ North Dakota : 0 m³ Nebraska : 27,880 m³ New Hampshire : 2,395,260 m³ New Jersey : 2,224,260 m³ New Mexico : 0 m³ Nevada : 0 m³ New York : 62,510,810 m³ Ohio : 33,416,000 m³ Oklahoma : 765,230 m³ Oregon : 1,329,180 m³ Pennsylvania : 119,805,680 m³ Rhode Island : 106,120 m³ South Carolina : 2,728,060 m³ South Dakota : 0 m³ Tennessee : 12,275,070 m³ Texas : 861,650 m³ Utah : 0 m³ Virginia : 10,965,090 m³ Vermont : 4,906,020 m³ Washington : 1,254,250 m³ Wisconsin : 11,734,120 m³ West Virginia : 36,148,230 m³ Wyoming : 0 m³ 0-20K 20K-40K 40K-60K 60K-80K 80K-100K 100K-120K > 120K Volume of live trees on forest land, 1000 m³ 0 200K All data derives from The Forest Inventory and Analysis Database developed in 2001, a component of the U.S. Forest Service, Department of Agriculture.Data was compiled by AHEC in May 2020 using the most recent state inventory available (2018 for most states).“Forest volume” refers to “Net volume of live trees on forest land" as defined by FIA (see glossary). FIA forest volume data is available for 49 U.S. states (Hawaii and Washington D.C. are omitted) with total commercially significant hardwood forest volume of 14.6 billionWith the 2008 Farm Bill, every US State was tasked to prepare a Forest Action Plan by 2010, reviewed in 2015, to include comprehensiveassessment of forest condition and a strategy for sustainable forestry. Further details are available from theNational Association of State Foresters
Back to whole mainland U.S. 0-20K 20K-40K 40K-60K 60K-80K 80K-100K 100K-120K > 120K Volume of live trees on forest land, 1000 m³ 0 200K
-15K -10K -5K 0 5K 10K 15K 20K 25K GROWTH AND REMOVALS, 1000 m³ -10K -9K -8K -7K -6K -5K -4K -3K -2K -1K 0 1K 2K 3K 4K 5K 6K 7K 8K 9K 10K GROWTH AND REMOVALS, 1000 m³ -2000 -1750 -1500 -1250 -1000 -750 -500 -250 0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 GROWTH AND REMOVALS, 1000 m³ -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 GROWTH AND REMOVALS, 1000 m³ Removals 0 Growth 0 Net growth 0
0 200K 400K 600K 800K 1M 1.2M FOREST VOLUME, 1000 m³ 0 40K 80K 120K 160K 200K 240K 280K 320K 360K 400K 440K FOREST VOLUME, 1000 m³ 0 10K 20K 30K 40K 50K 60K 70K 80K 100K FOREST VOLUME, 1000 m³ 0 4K 8K 12K 16K 20K FOREST VOLUME, 1000 m³ Forest volume 0

LCA Tool

4.66
seconds
it takes 6.12 seconds to grow 1m³ of American cherry
The replacement rate is calculated from total U.S. annual increment of the specified hardwood species derived from the U.S. Forest Service Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program and assumes that 2 m³ of logs is harvested to produce 1 m³ of lumber (i.e. 50% conversion efficiency). The rapid rate of replacement is due to the very large volume of hardwood trees in U.S. forest.
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  • Cherry from the USA is readily available as veneer and sawn lumber in a range of grades and sizes, although limited as thicker material; 10/4” (63mm) & 12/4” (75mm). The species can be subject to cycles of popularity or fashion, so that apparent shortages of dry lumber available to deliver may not reflect the substantial resource available for harvest. 
     
  • Cherry may be sold selected for colour, defining the amount of sap-free material or sold sap-free one face. For example, cherry boards may be sold 90/50 meaning 90% heartwood and not less than 50% heartwood on the reverse side – or sold in other specifications. Consultation with suppliers is recommended. 
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The heartwood of cherry can vary from rich red to reddish brown and darkens on exposure to light with time. The sapwood is creamy white. Although the difference between heart and sap colour is marked, this can be reduced by steaming. The wood of cherry has a fine uniform, straight and unpronounced grain with a fine smooth texture. The small brown pith flecks, pin knots and gum pockets or streaks are natural characteristics of cherry, but their occurrence varies according to region.

Mechanical Properties

Cherry has medium density, with good wood bending properties, medium strength and shock resistance, but low stiffness, and can be steam bent with care. Being hard and stable when dry the wood is very easy to stain and finish to an excellent surface. It is highly prized for furniture and interior joinery. As a relatively soft species, American cherry is only suitable for flooring in areas with low traffic, such as bedrooms, or in cultures where shoes are not worn in homes – as in Asia.

  • 0.5

    Specific Gravity (12% M.C.)

    561 kg/m3

    Average Weight (12% M.C.)

    9.20%

    Average Volume Shrinkage (Green to 6% M.C.)

    84.809 MPa

    Modulus of Rupture

    10,274 MPa

    Modulus of Elasticity

    49.023 MPa

    Compressive strength (parallel to grain)

    4,226 N

    Hardness
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Oiled
cherry_oiled
Un-oiled
cherry_unoiled
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  • Cherry lumber is easy to machine, plane and turn. It glues well with good performance in screwing and nailing. It has excellent carving and moulding properties. Cherry can easily be sanded, stained and polished to a very fine and smooth finish.
     
  • The heartwood is resistant to decay and is moderately resistant to preservative treatment.
     
  • Users should take into account that both the heartwood of cherry can darken in tone quite quickly on exposure to light.
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This sustainably managed wood from natural forests of North America, with excellent environmental credentials, is revered worldwide for its warmth of colour and fine finish. It is highly suitable for furniture, cabinet making and high class joinery. It is widely used for doors, panelling, architectural interior joinery, mouldings and kitchen cabinets, and some flooring. It is also used in certain specialist applications such as musical instruments and boat interiors.

Mouldings
Furniture
Musical Instruments
Doors
Panelling
Cabinets

Examples of Use

mesamachine square
humble square
Arco square
Rome Auditorium by Renzo Piano
Navarra Archives by Rafael Moneo
Bilgola by Adam Goodrum
Bilgola by Adam Goodrum
Paramount by The Office Space